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Instructions: Read, study, and learn this lesson. Then do the exercise.  When you are satisfied that you understand the lesson, take the test.

Adjectives add detail to sentences by telling information about nouns and pronouns. Participles, participle phrases, prepositional phrases, and clauses can all act as adjectives and are marked with brackets. 

1. Adjectives affect the meaning of nouns and pronouns. 

Example: Kate is the [youngest] player on the team. 

The word “youngest” tells about the noun “Kate.” 

2. Proper adjectives begin with capital letters. They are formed from proper nouns or proper nouns used as adjectives. 

Example:

Our [Canadian] neighbors .told. /us/ {about Canada}.
The [Lion’s] coach .was. {once} a [great] \quarterback\. 

3. Many adjectives used for describing are formed by adding -d, -ed, or -ing to verbs. These adjectives are called participles. Participles may be alone or part of a phrase. They can be placed before or after the words they modify. 

Example with stopped: 

The rain, [having stopped suddenly], .washed. {away} the [narrow] /bridge/.
The [old] truck, [stopped by the road], .began. to move {forward}.   
4. The articles a, an, and the are always adjectives. However, they are unmarked as adjectives in sentences. 

Example: The manager .is. an \engineer\ and a \friend\ [of the family]. 

5. Adjectives may be compound: 

Example: I .had. a [cool] and [refreshing] /bath/. 

6. Possessive nouns, possessive pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, and indefinite pronouns can be used as adjectives. 

Examples:             

[Marty’s] car .is. [this] \one\.

[Each] boy .has. [his] [own] /room/. 

7. A word used as an adjective can also be used as another part of speech. 

Examples:

Dad .will rake. the yard.  (rake is a verb)
The rake .is. {in the garage}.  (rake is a noun)
A [rake] factory .is. {down the street} {from us}.  (rake is an adjective) 

\Predicate Adjectives\

A predicate adjective is an adjective found in the predicate part of a sentence.  In “Horses are \strong\,” strong is a predicate adjective because it follows .are., the verb. Predicate adjectives are marked with back slashes because they are complements. 

1. An adjective that completes the verb and modifies the subject is a predicate adjective. 

Examples:            

[His] shirt .is. \blue\.
[This] course .is. \difficult\.
You .look. \tired\. 

2. Predicate adjectives complete linking verbs. 

Examples of linking verbs: am, is, are, was, were, be, been, become, seem, feel, appear, look, taste, sound, smell, and grow. 

3. Predicate adjectives might be compound. 

Examples:

[This] roll .is. \dry\, \hard\, and \cold\.            
You .look. \tired\ and \sleepy\. 

4. Predicate adjectives are marked with back \slashes\, and regular adjectives are marked with [brackets]             

You .can follow. the [yellow] [brick] /road/.
The road [ahead] .is. \wide\ and \flat\.

Exercise, Lesson 16

Instructions: Read, study, and memorize the key teaching points regarding this lesson. When you can recall and discuss the information with understanding, take the test. 

What to learn about Adjectives: 

1. Adjectives add details to sentences by telling information about nouns and pronouns.

2. Participles, participle phrases, prepositional phrases, and clauses can all act as adjectives.

3. Predicate adjectives are marked with back \slashes\, and regular adjectives are marked with [brackets].

4. Adjectives modify the meaning of nouns and pronouns.

5. Proper adjectives begin with capital letters.  They are formed from proper nouns or proper nouns used as adjectives.

6. Participles are formed by adding -d, -ed, or -ing to verbs.

7. A participle may be part of a phrase and can be placed before or after the word it modifies.

9. Adjectives may be compound.

11. A word used as an adjective can also be used as another part of speech. 

What to learn about predicate adjectives: 

12. A predicate adjective is an adjective found in the predicate part of a sentence.

13. An adjective that completes the verb and modifies the subject is a predicate adjective.

14. Predicate adjectives complete linking verbs.

15. Predicate adjectives might be compound.

Test, Lesson 16

Instructions: Write the sentences on a separate sheet of paper and answer all of the questions. 

1. What do adjectives do in a sentence and how are they marked? 

2. What other elements in sentences can act as adjectives? 

3. What do adjectives effect in sentences? 

4. Write two sentences using common adjectives. 

5. Write two sentences using proper adjectives. 

6. How are many describing adjectives formed? 

7. What are describing adjectives called?

8. Where can describing adjectives be placed in a sentence?

9. What part do articles play in sentences and how are they marked?

10. Write two sentences using compound adjectives.

11. Which nouns and pronouns can be used as adjectives?

12.  What is a predicate adjective and where is it found?

13. What does a predicate adjective do in a sentence?

14. Write two sentences using predicates.

15. Which part of speech does the predicative complete?

16. Write two sentences using compound predicate adjectives.

Instructions: Mark the subjects, verbs, objects, complements, and adjectives in the following sentences.

1. Did your brother wear his blue coat to work?

2. Gentle waves splashed against the stationary ship.

3. Six young children were playing {in the hot sun}.

4. Salt water entered the boat {through a small hole} {in its bottom}.

5. A large green garbage truck blocked the narrow driveway

6. Trinity’s team played an exciting game.

7. Many senior citizens enjoy music the same as young people.

8. How come you wore a heavy coat and thick gloves {in this weather}?

9. Yellow corn meal is usually more expensive than white.

10. Jerry’s twenty-two year old cousin has a two year old child.

Marking Sentences

 Instructions: Mark the subjects, verbs, objects, complements, and adjectives in the following sentences.

1. After dinner they became tired and sleepy.

2. He will resign tomorrow morning.

3. The men were sick, tired, and hungry.

4. His pulse was getting weaker and weaker {by the minute}.

5. It was a long day, but they finally completed the tough job.

6. Mike was nervous and desperate {during the test}.

7. There was a peculiar smell coming {from the brown rubbish can}.

8.  {When the lights went out}, the street became dark and gloomy.

9.  His hands were weak and tired {from many years} {of hard work}.

10. His favorite flag is red, white, and blue.